{"id":6456,"date":"2024-07-13T16:44:32","date_gmt":"2024-07-13T13:44:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/?p=6456"},"modified":"2026-08-25T20:07:14","modified_gmt":"2026-08-25T17:07:14","slug":"dunyanin-ic-yapisi-nasildir-dunyanin-ic-yapisinin-sasirtan-ozelliklleri","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/dunyanin-ic-yapisi-nasildir-dunyanin-ic-yapisinin-sasirtan-ozelliklleri\/","title":{"rendered":"D\u00fcnyan\u0131n i\u00e7 yap\u0131s\u0131 nas\u0131ld\u0131r? D\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u0130\u00e7 Yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n \u015ea\u015f\u0131rtan \u00d6zelliklleri"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

D\u00fcnyan\u0131n gaz halindeki de\u011fi\u015fimi, bile\u015fiminde yer alan kimyasal elementlerin yeniden da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 ile ilgilidir. B\u00f6ylece a\u011f\u0131r metaller yava\u015f yava\u015f D\u00fcnya’n\u0131n merkezinde yo\u011funla\u015f\u0131rken, daha hafif mineraller ise tam tersine \u00fcst katmana y\u00fckselerek yerkabu\u011funun temelini olu\u015fturdu. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n i\u00e7 yap\u0131s\u0131 ile ilgilenen uzmanlar jeofizik\u00e7ilerdir. Onlara g\u00f6re olduk\u00e7a karma\u015f\u0131k bir yap\u0131ya sahip olan D\u00fcnya, farkl\u0131 katmanlardan olu\u015fmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yerkabu\u011fu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a>
Vector illustration “Structure of the Earth”<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

D\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00fcst tabakas\u0131na yerkabu\u011fu denir. Kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 karada 20-65 km, okyanus alt\u0131nda 6-20 km’dir. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n en ince tabakas\u0131 olarak kabul edilen yerkabu\u011fu, kimyasal bile\u015fimi nedeniyle a\u011f\u0131r metallerin s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ile ay\u0131rt edilir. D\u00fcnya bir b\u00fct\u00fcn olarak %30 demir i\u00e7erirken, yerkabu\u011fu sadece %10 i\u00e7erir. Yerkabu\u011fu esas olarak oksijenden (%47) ve silisyumdan (%27) olu\u015fur. Yer kabu\u011funun mantodan ge\u00e7en geleneksel \u00e7izgisine Mohorovicic s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 denir. Sismik dalgalar\u0131n yans\u0131mas\u0131 bu s\u0131n\u0131rda meydana gelir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Manto<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a>
Earth core structure to scale – isolated<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Yerkabu\u011fu ile \u00e7ekirdek aras\u0131ndaki katman mantodur. Manto geleneksel olarak iki k\u0131sma ayr\u0131l\u0131r – \u00fcst ve alt manto. \u00dcst manto \u00e7o\u011funlukla yar\u0131 ak\u0131\u015fkand\u0131r. D\u00fcnyan\u0131n magma ad\u0131 verilen bu b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde, kayalar y\u00fcksek s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n etkisiyle erir ve s\u0131v\u0131ya yak\u0131nla\u015f\u0131r. Alt manto, y\u00fcksek bas\u0131n\u00e7 nedeniyle kat\u0131 hale gelen maddeden olu\u015fur. Mantonun toplam kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 2900 km iken \u00fcst mantonun kal\u0131nl\u0131\u011f\u0131 950 km civar\u0131ndad\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00c7ekirdek<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

D\u00fcnyan\u0131n merkezinde k\u00fctlece en b\u00fcy\u00fck olan \u00e7ekirdek bulunur. \u00c7ekirde\u011fin yar\u0131\u00e7ap\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k 3400 km’dir. Burada s\u0131cakl\u0131k da bas\u0131n\u00e7 da \u00e7ok y\u00fcksektir. \u00c7ekirdek 2 k\u0131sma ayr\u0131l\u0131r – d\u0131\u015f ve i\u00e7 katmanlar. D\u0131\u015f \u00e7ekirdek tabakas\u0131 erimi\u015f demirden olu\u015fur. Gezegenin bir b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn hareketinin D\u00fcnya’n\u0131n d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f h\u0131z\u0131na g\u00f6re \u00e7ok zay\u0131f olmas\u0131 nedeniyle, D\u00fcnya’n\u0131n \u00e7evresinde \u00f6zel bir manyetik alan olu\u015fturulmu\u015ftur. D\u0131\u015f \u00e7ekirdekten farkl\u0131 olarak, i\u00e7 \u00e7ekirdek kat\u0131d\u0131r. Bile\u015fimi demir ve nikelden olu\u015fur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Yerin i\u00e7inde en b\u00fcy\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131k, bas\u0131n\u00e7 ve k\u00fctle yo\u011funlu\u011fu buradad\u0131r. 20. y\u00fczy\u0131l\u0131n ikinci yar\u0131s\u0131nda, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli yerlerinde ilk derin arama kuyular\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 sayesinde, D\u00fcnya’n\u0131n i\u00e7 yap\u0131s\u0131 hakk\u0131ndaki bilgiler \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde artt\u0131. Bu t\u00fcr kuyular\u0131n eski Sovyetler Birli\u011fi topraklar\u0131nda sadece iki yerde a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131 uygun g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc: Kola Yar\u0131madas\u0131’nda (Rusya) ve Saatli b\u00f6lgesinde (Azerbaycan). Bu derin ke\u015fif kuyular\u0131, Mohorovicic s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131n\u0131n yerkabu\u011funa daha yak\u0131n oldu\u011fu b\u00f6lgelerde a\u00e7\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Saatli y\u00f6resinde 10 km’lik bir kuyu kaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve yerkabu\u011funun bu tabakas\u0131 hakk\u0131nda zengin jeolojik bilgiler elde edilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kaliteli \u00f6zel ders<\/strong><\/a> hizmetlerimiz i\u00e7in sitemizi ziyaret edin.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

D\u00fcnyan\u0131n gaz halindeki de\u011fi\u015fimi, bile\u015fiminde yer alan kimyasal elementlerin yeniden da\u011f\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 ile ilgilidir. B\u00f6ylece a\u011f\u0131r metaller yava\u015f yava\u015f D\u00fcnya’n\u0131n merkezinde yo\u011funla\u015f\u0131rken, daha\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6457,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_inekle_views":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2477],"tags":[708,22,2880,711,686,685],"class_list":["post-6456","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ders-icerikleri","tag-ayt","tag-canli-ders","tag-dunyanin-ic-yapisi","tag-lgs","tag-tyt","tag-yks"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6456","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6456"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6456\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10925,"href":"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6456\/revisions\/10925"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6457"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6456"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6456"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6456"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}