{"id":6287,"date":"2024-06-25T16:55:31","date_gmt":"2024-06-25T13:55:31","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/?p=6287"},"modified":"2024-08-01T16:56:40","modified_gmt":"2024-08-01T13:56:40","slug":"karisimlari-ayirma-yontemleri-ayirma-islemleri-nelerdir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/karisimlari-ayirma-yontemleri-ayirma-islemleri-nelerdir\/","title":{"rendered":"Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 Ay\u0131rma Y\u00f6ntemleri: Ay\u0131rma \u0130\u015flemleri Nelerdir?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00c7evremizde bulunan bir\u00e7ok madde kar\u0131\u015f\u0131md\u0131r. Fiziksel halleri farkl\u0131 olan iki veya daha fazla bile\u015fenin bir araya gelerek olu\u015fturdu\u011fu kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar, i\u00e7erisindeki maddelerin fiziko-kimyasal \u00f6zellikleri dikkate al\u0131narak farkl\u0131 ay\u0131rma y\u00f6ntemleri ile ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilirler. <strong>Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 ay\u0131rma y\u00f6ntemleri <\/strong>\u015fu \u015fekilde s\u0131ralanabilir:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>S\u00fczme<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Y\u00fczd\u00fcrme<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Eleme<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>M\u0131knat\u0131sla ay\u0131rma<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Dam\u0131tma<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Buharla\u015ft\u0131rma<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Ay\u0131rma \u0130\u015flemleri Nelerdir?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Karisimlari-Ayirma-2.jpeg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"768\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Karisimlari-Ayirma-2-1024x768.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6289\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Karisimlari-Ayirma-2-1024x768.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Karisimlari-Ayirma-2-300x225.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Karisimlari-Ayirma-2-768x576.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Karisimlari-Ayirma-2-1536x1152.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Karisimlari-Ayirma-2.jpeg 1600w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ay\u0131rma i\u015flemleri farkl\u0131 \u015fekillerde kar\u015f\u0131m\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kmaktad\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klayacak olursak;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Farkl\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckteki kat\u0131 kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlarda ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma yapabilmek i\u00e7in eleme y\u00f6ntemi kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Buna \u00f6rnek olarak kepek ve un, kum ve \u00e7ak\u0131l, k\u00f6m\u00fcr tuzu ve k\u00f6m\u00fcr \u00f6rnek verilebilir. Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mdaki iki farkl\u0131 maddenin birbirine kar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 sonucu tanecikli bir yap\u0131 olu\u015ftu\u011funda bu kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar y\u00fczd\u00fcrme y\u00f6ntemi ile ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labilir. \u00d6rne\u011fin saman ve bu\u011fday\u0131 ay\u0131rmak i\u00e7in y\u00fczd\u00fcrme y\u00f6ntemi kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Mercimek ve saplar\u0131, \u0131spanak ve toprak buna verilebilecek di\u011fer \u00f6rneklerdir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kat\u0131 ve s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n bir araya geldi\u011fi kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlarda ise s\u00fczme y\u00f6ntemi kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Maddelerin ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan s\u00fczme y\u00f6ntemi i\u00e7in \u00f6rnek verilecek olursa, su i\u00e7erisinde bulunan bir pirin\u00e7 s\u00fczme y\u00f6ntemi sayesinde ayr\u0131labilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 ay\u0131rma teknikleri<\/strong> aras\u0131nda s\u0131k\u00e7a kullan\u0131lan bir di\u011fer y\u00f6ntem olan dinlendirme y\u00f6ntemi, s\u0131v\u0131 i\u00e7erisindeki da\u011f\u0131lm\u0131\u015f kat\u0131 maddelerin ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Dinlendirme sayesinde s\u0131v\u0131 i\u00e7erisine kar\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f \u015fekilde bulunan kat\u0131 madde s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n dibine \u00e7\u00f6ker. Buna \u00f6rnek olarak toprak ve su kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131 \u00f6rnek verilebilir. Ba\u015fta birbirine kar\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f bulan\u0131k bir su g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcs\u00fc olan bu kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m bir s\u00fcre dinlendirildi\u011finde topra\u011f\u0131n suyun dibine \u00e7\u00f6kt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fclecektir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u0130ki farkl\u0131 maddenin g\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fclemeyecek d\u00fczeyde birbirine kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlarda tercih edilen y\u00f6ntem ise buharla\u015ft\u0131rmad\u0131r. Buharla\u015ft\u0131rma y\u00f6ntemi ile s\u00fct i\u00e7erisindeki suyun buharla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ile s\u00fct tozu elde edilir. Deniz suyunun buharla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131yla da deniz tuzu elde edilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Birbirine kar\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f iki farkl\u0131 s\u0131v\u0131 maddenin ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan y\u00f6ntem dam\u0131tma y\u00f6ntemidir. Kaynama noktalar\u0131 farkl\u0131 olan iki farkl\u0131 s\u0131v\u0131dan kaynama noktas\u0131 daha d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olan s\u0131v\u0131 daha \u00e7abuk buharla\u015f\u0131r. Buharla\u015fan s\u0131v\u0131 farkl\u0131 bir kaba al\u0131narak ayr\u0131lma i\u015flemi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilir. Bu y\u00f6ntem en \u00e7ok petrollerin dam\u0131t\u0131lmas\u0131yla petrol gaz\u0131 \u00fcretiminde kullan\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m T\u00fcrlerine G\u00f6re Ay\u0131rma Y\u00f6ntemleri<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Karisimlari-Ayirma-3.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"922\" height=\"614\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Karisimlari-Ayirma-3.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6290\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Karisimlari-Ayirma-3.jpg 922w, https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Karisimlari-Ayirma-3-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Karisimlari-Ayirma-3-768x511.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 922px) 100vw, 922px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m ay\u0131rma y\u00f6ntemleri, kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131 olu\u015fturan maddelerin t\u00fcrlerine g\u00f6re farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6sterir. \u00d6rne\u011fin <strong>kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m ay\u0131rma teknikleri <\/strong>s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lsa;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Tanecik b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden yararlanarak ay\u0131r\u0131m<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Yo\u011funluk fark\u0131ndan yararlanarak ay\u0131r\u0131m<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck fark\u0131ndan yararlanarak ay\u0131r\u0131m<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kaynama s\u0131cakl\u0131klar\u0131ndan yararlanarak ay\u0131r\u0131m \u015feklinde \u00f6zetlenebilir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">B\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckleri birbirinden farkl\u0131 maddelerin ayr\u0131lmas\u0131nda ay\u0131klama, m\u0131knat\u0131sla ay\u0131rma, eleme, s\u00fczme, santrif\u00fcjleme ve diyaliz gibi teknikler kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Bunlara birer \u00f6rnek verilecek olursa;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Kuru baklagillerin paketlenmesi s\u0131ras\u0131nda taneciklerine bak\u0131larak bozuk olanlar\u0131n ayr\u0131lmas\u0131: Ay\u0131klama<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Demir, kobalt ve nikel gibi ferromanyetik maddelerin ayr\u0131lmas\u0131: M\u0131knat\u0131sla ay\u0131rma,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Tozlu havalarda kullan\u0131lan gaz maskeleri veya arabalarda bulunan gaz filtreleri: S\u00fczme<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>S\u00fczge\u00e7 ka\u011f\u0131tlar\u0131ndan ge\u00e7ebilen kat\u0131 maddelerin ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131labildi\u011fi tek y\u00f6ntem: Santrif\u00fcjleme<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Koloidal kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n diyaliz t\u00fcp\u00fcn\u00fcn g\u00f6zeneklerinden ge\u00e7mesi sonucu ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131: Diyaliz<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m maddelerinin yo\u011funluk farklar\u0131na g\u00f6re ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda savurma, \u00e7\u00f6kt\u00fcrme, dekantasyon, flotasyon, elektriklenme yoluyla ay\u0131rma gibi y\u00f6ntemler kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Savurma y\u00f6ntemi, kat\u0131-kat\u0131 kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlarda yo\u011funlu\u011fu daha az olan maddenin ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 tekni\u011fine dayan\u0131r. S\u0131v\u0131- s\u0131v\u0131 heterojen kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda da yine bu y\u00f6ntem kullan\u0131l\u0131r. &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Karisimlari-Ayirma-4.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"761\" height=\"381\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Karisimlari-Ayirma-4.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6291\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Karisimlari-Ayirma-4.png 761w, https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Karisimlari-Ayirma-4-300x150.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 761px) 100vw, 761px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck fark\u0131ndan yararlan\u0131larak ay\u0131rma yapabilmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan en iyi y\u00f6ntemler kristallendirme ve ekstraksiyon y\u00f6ntemleridir.&nbsp; Kat\u0131-s\u0131v\u0131 homojen kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlarda s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n buharla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 tekni\u011fine dayanan y\u00f6ntem kristalle\u015fmedir ve tuz-su kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 buna \u00f6rnek verilebilir. Ekstraksiyon ise \u00f6z\u00fcmleme-\u00e7ekme olarak da bilinen, kat\u0131 veya s\u0131v\u0131 fazdaki birden fazla bile\u015fi\u011fin farkl\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcrl\u00fck seviyelerinden yararlan\u0131larak di\u011fer bir s\u0131v\u0131 faza al\u0131nmas\u0131 tekni\u011fine dayan\u0131r. Sulu bir \u00e7\u00f6zelti ve organik bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcc\u00fc kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131nda s\u0131v\u0131-s\u0131v\u0131 ekstraksiyon yap\u0131l\u0131r. Yuvarlak veya oval ay\u0131rma hunileri ile yap\u0131lan bu i\u015flemde kullan\u0131lan huni b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc toplam hacminin iki kat\u0131 kadar hacme sahiptir. <strong>Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m nedir ka\u00e7a ayr\u0131l\u0131r <\/strong>sorusunun cevab\u0131 da bahsedilen bu y\u00f6ntemlerle verilmi\u015f olur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En iyi <a href=\"https:\/\/inekle.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>ders siteleri<\/strong><\/a> aras\u0131nda yer alan sitemizi inceleyin.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00c7evremizde bulunan bir\u00e7ok madde kar\u0131\u015f\u0131md\u0131r. Fiziksel halleri farkl\u0131 olan iki veya daha fazla bile\u015fenin bir araya gelerek olu\u015fturdu\u011fu kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar, i\u00e7erisindeki maddelerin fiziko-kimyasal\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6316,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,2477,799,12,353,534,78,1112,13,688,380,50,7,1113,690,102,11,689],"tags":[708,22,2857,711,686,685],"class_list":["post-6287","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-calisma-stratejileri","category-ders-icerikleri","category-duyuru-2","category-inekle","category-inekle-ogretmenleri-2","category-inekle-tv","category-inekle-video","category-kss","category-lys","category-mys","category-ogrenciler-soruyor","category-online-egitim","category-sinavlar","category-sks","category-tyt","category-vay-canina","category-ygs","category-yks","tag-ayt","tag-canli-ders","tag-karisimlari-ayirma","tag-lgs","tag-tyt","tag-yks"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6287","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6287"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6287\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6316"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6287"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6287"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6287"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}