{"id":6127,"date":"2024-06-14T16:45:30","date_gmt":"2024-06-14T13:45:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/?p=6127"},"modified":"2025-07-06T20:58:06","modified_gmt":"2025-07-06T17:58:06","slug":"hucre-bolunmeleri-hucre-bolunmesi-nasil-gerceklesir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/hucre-bolunmeleri-hucre-bolunmesi-nasil-gerceklesir\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u00fccre B\u00f6l\u00fcnmeleri: H\u00fccre B\u00f6l\u00fcnmesi Nas\u0131l Ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir?"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Tek h\u00fccreli canl\u0131lar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011falmas\u0131 ve \u00e7ok h\u00fccreli canl\u0131lar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fcmesini sa\u011flayan <strong>h\u00fccre b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesi <\/strong>biyolojik bir olayd\u0131r. T\u00fcm canl\u0131larda g\u00f6r\u00fclen bu olay\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015febilmesi i\u00e7in h\u00fccrenin belirli bir b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011fe eri\u015fmesi gerekir. H\u00fccreler b\u00fcy\u00fcd\u00fck\u00e7e hacimleri ve y\u00fczeyleri aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fki bozulur. H\u00fccrenin b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesi bu bozulma sayesinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir. H\u00fccreler, b\u00f6l\u00fcnme s\u0131ras\u0131nda farkl\u0131la\u015f\u0131r. <strong>H\u00fccre b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesi \u00f6zet <\/strong>\u015feklinde ifade edilecek olursa h\u00fccrelerin ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi fiziksel, kimyasal ve metabolik de\u011fi\u015fimler olarak tan\u0131mlanabilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Hucre-Bolunmeleri-2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"260\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Hucre-Bolunmeleri-2-1024x260.jpg\" alt=\"H\u00fccre B\u00f6l\u00fcnmeleri\" class=\"wp-image-6129\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Hucre-Bolunmeleri-2-1024x260.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Hucre-Bolunmeleri-2-300x76.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Hucre-Bolunmeleri-2-768x195.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Hucre-Bolunmeleri-2.jpg 1300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Silindir veya k\u00fcp \u015feklindeki h\u00fccrelerde \u015fekillerinden dolay\u0131 hacim ve y\u00fczey dengesizli\u011fi olu\u015fabilir. B\u00f6l\u00fcnmenin olu\u015fabilmesi i\u00e7in \u00e7ekirdek oran\u0131 da etkilidir. B\u00fcy\u00fcyen h\u00fccrenin \u00e7ekirde\u011finde meydana gelen art\u0131\u015f sebebiyle h\u00fccre kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc sa\u011flamada zorluk ya\u015far ve bunun sonunda h\u00fccre \u00f6l\u00fcr veya b\u00f6l\u00fcn\u00fcr. D\u0131\u015far\u0131dan bir etkiye maruz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131nda da h\u00fccrenin b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesi m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>H\u00fccre B\u00f6l\u00fcnmesi Nas\u0131l Ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00fccrenin belirli b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011fe ula\u015fmas\u0131 sonucu canl\u0131larda mitoz, mayoz ve amitoz olmak \u00fczere 3 farkl\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcnme meydana gelir. Mitoz ve <strong>mayoz b\u00f6l\u00fcnme<\/strong> \u00e7ok h\u00fccreli canl\u0131larda g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcrken amitoz b\u00f6l\u00fcnme tek h\u00fccreli canl\u0131larda g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. Tek h\u00fccreli canl\u0131larda ya\u015fanan b\u00f6l\u00fcnme, t\u00fcr\u00fcn say\u0131s\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131r ve bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te h\u00fccrelerin \u00e7ekirdekleri uzar. \u00c7ekirdek\u00e7ik uzayarak ve bo\u011fumlanarak ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131r. \u00c7ekirde\u011fin bu de\u011fi\u015fiminden sonra sitoplazma da ayn\u0131 s\u00fcreci ya\u015far.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Hucre-Bolunmeleri-3-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"278\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Hucre-Bolunmeleri-3-1024x278.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6130\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Hucre-Bolunmeleri-3-1024x278.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Hucre-Bolunmeleri-3-300x82.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Hucre-Bolunmeleri-3-768x209.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Hucre-Bolunmeleri-3-1536x418.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Hucre-Bolunmeleri-3-2048x557.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Hucre-Bolunmeleri-3-scaled.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00fccrelerin ya\u015flanmas\u0131 ve \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc de sonras\u0131nda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen s\u00fcre\u00e7lerdir. Rejenerasyon denilen a\u015famada h\u00fccreler \u00f6l\u00fcr ve yerlerini yeni h\u00fccreler al\u0131r. Dejenerasyon ise h\u00fccrelerin fizyolojik olmayan de\u011fi\u015fimlerini ifade ederken nekrobiyaz, de\u011fi\u015fimin s\u00fcrekli oldu\u011fu ve ilerledi\u011finde h\u00fccrelerin \u00f6lmesine sebep olan bir s\u00fcre\u00e7tir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Mitoz B\u00f6l\u00fcnme<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Mitoz b\u00f6l\u00fcnme<\/strong> zigot olu\u015ftuktan sonra meydana gelir. Organizmalar belirli bir b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011fe ula\u015ft\u0131ktan sonra her h\u00fccrenin \u00e7ekirde\u011finde kromozomlar kendilerini e\u015fler. Meydana gelen bu e\u015fler ana h\u00fccrenin b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesiyle olu\u015fan iki yavru h\u00fccreye verilir. Bunun sonucunda ana h\u00fccreye benzeyen 2 farkl\u0131 h\u00fccre meydana gelir. Bu h\u00fccrelerin 23 kromozomu babadan 23 kromozomu ise anneden gelmek \u00fczere 44 kromozomlu olarak meydana gelir. Mitoz b\u00f6l\u00fcnmede \u00e7ekirdek b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesi karyokinez olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131rken sitoplazma b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesi sitokinez olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. <strong>Mitoz b\u00f6l\u00fcnmenin a\u015famalar\u0131<\/strong> ise s\u0131ras\u0131yla;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Hucre-Bolunmeleri-4-scaled.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"419\" src=\"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Hucre-Bolunmeleri-4-1024x419.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6131\" srcset=\"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Hucre-Bolunmeleri-4-1024x419.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Hucre-Bolunmeleri-4-300x123.jpg 300w, https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Hucre-Bolunmeleri-4-768x314.jpg 768w, https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Hucre-Bolunmeleri-4-1536x628.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Hucre-Bolunmeleri-4-2048x837.jpg 2048w, https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/06\/Hucre-Bolunmeleri-4-scaled.jpg 1920w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u0130nterfaz<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Profaz<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Metafaz<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Anafaz<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Telofaz<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Sitokinezis olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Mayoz B\u00f6l\u00fcnme<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">H\u00fccre kromozomlar\u0131n\u0131n yar\u0131ya indirilmesi amac\u0131yla yap\u0131lan b\u00f6l\u00fcnme ise mayoz b\u00f6l\u00fcnme olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcnmeye redaksiyon ad\u0131 da verilir. E\u015feysel rekombinasyonlar\u0131 ve biyolojik \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fi meydana getiren <strong>mayoz b\u00f6l\u00fcnme <\/strong>iki b\u00f6l\u00fcmden olu\u015fur. Bunlardan birinde kromozom say\u0131s\u0131 yar\u0131ya inerken ikinci b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde mitoz b\u00f6l\u00fcnme ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir. Mayoz b\u00f6l\u00fcnmede <strong>h\u00fccre b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesi evreleri <\/strong>de ayn\u0131 mitoz b\u00f6l\u00fcnmedeki gibidir. Ancak son a\u015famada sitokinezis yerine interkinezis denilen ve h\u00fccrenin iki mitoz b\u00f6l\u00fcnme aras\u0131nda ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi safha ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Amitoz B\u00f6l\u00fcnme<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En basit <strong>h\u00fccre b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesi<\/strong> t\u00fcr\u00fc olan amitoz b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesinde, kromozom \u015fekillenmez ve \u00e7ekirdek zar\u0131 erimez. \u0130nterfaz a\u015famas\u0131n\u0131n sonunda DNA replikasyonu olarak DNA iki kat\u0131na \u00e7\u0131kar. B\u00f6l\u00fcnme esnas\u0131nda, DNA molek\u00fclleri \u00e7ekirde\u011fin her iki taraf\u0131nda k\u00fcmelenerek b\u00f6l\u00fcnme s\u00fcrecinde mikrofilaman ve mikrotubuluslar\u0131n yard\u0131m\u0131yla bo\u011fumlanmaya ba\u015flar ve bo\u011fum yerinden ayr\u0131larak iki \u00e7ekirdek meydana gelir. Amitoz b\u00f6l\u00fcnmede sitoplazma b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesi ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmez ve karaci\u011fer, b\u00f6brek, adren epitalleri ve kalp kas\u0131 h\u00fccrelerinde bu b\u00f6l\u00fcnme g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Mitoz ve Mayoz B\u00f6l\u00fcnme Fark\u0131<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Mitoz ve mayoz b\u00f6l\u00fcnmenin fark\u0131 <\/strong>\u015fu \u015fekildedir;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Mitoz b\u00f6l\u00fcnmede DNA replikasyonu 2 h\u00fccreden olu\u015furken mayoz b\u00f6l\u00fcnmede 4 h\u00fccreden olu\u015fur.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Kromozomlar mitoz b\u00f6l\u00fcnmede ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z davran\u0131r ancak mayoz b\u00f6l\u00fcnmede homolog kromozomlar birbiriyle e\u015fle\u015fir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mitoz b\u00f6l\u00fcnme 1-2 saat i\u00e7erisinde ger\u00e7ekle\u015firken mayoz b\u00f6l\u00fcnme erkekler 1-2 saat di\u015filerde y\u0131llarca s\u00fcrebilir.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Mitoz b\u00f6l\u00fcnmeden genetik materyal de\u011fi\u015fmeden aktar\u0131l\u0131r, mayoz b\u00f6l\u00fcnmede ise homolog kromozomlar aras\u0131nda gen de\u011fi\u015fimi meydana gelir.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><a href=\"https:\/\/inekle.com\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>Online ders verme<\/strong><\/a> konusunda profesyonel hizmetler i\u00e7in sitemizi ke\u015ffedin.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Tek h\u00fccreli canl\u0131lar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011falmas\u0131 ve \u00e7ok h\u00fccreli canl\u0131lar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fcmesini sa\u011flayan h\u00fccre b\u00f6l\u00fcnmesi biyolojik bir olayd\u0131r. T\u00fcm canl\u0131larda g\u00f6r\u00fclen bu olay\u0131n ger\u00e7ekle\u015febilmesi i\u00e7in\u2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":6242,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,2477,799,12,353,534,78,1112,13,688,380,50,7,1113,3,8,9,690,1,102,88,11,689],"tags":[708,22,2831,711,163,2832,2833,49,686,685],"class_list":["post-6127","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-calisma-stratejileri","category-ders-icerikleri","category-duyuru-2","category-inekle","category-inekle-ogretmenleri-2","category-inekle-tv","category-inekle-video","category-kss","category-lys","category-mys","category-ogrenciler-soruyor","category-online-egitim","category-sinavlar","category-sks","category-tavsiyeler","category-teog","category-test","category-tyt","category-uncategorized","category-vay-canina","category-veliler-icin","category-ygs","category-yks","tag-ayt","tag-canli-ders","tag-hucre-bolunmeleri","tag-lgs","tag-lys-tavsiyeleri","tag-mayoz","tag-mitoz","tag-online-dershane","tag-tyt","tag-yks"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6127","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6127"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6127\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/6242"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6127"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6127"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/blog.inekle.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6127"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}